Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa Language Requirements 2026

Language proficiency requirements for the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa depend on your intended activity in Kosovo. Albanian / Serbian / English is the primary language requirement. This guide explains exactly which language tests are accepted, minimum score requirements, and how to prepare effectively.

Primary Language Requirement: Albanian / Serbian / English

Note: If Kosovo is not an English-speaking country, the primary language requirement is the national language. However, for visa application purposes, most documentation is submitted in English and some visa categories may alternatively accept English proficiency tests.

For Immigration/PR Visa Applications to Kosovo:

Immigration and PR pathways typically require:
IELTS General Training: Overall 6.0 - 7.0 (with minimum component scores)
Points-based systems: Higher scores earn more points (IELTS 8.0 = maximum points)
CELPIP General: Canadian PR alternative to IELTS
TEF (Test d'Évaluation de Français): For French-language immigration pathways
OET (Occupational English Test): For healthcare professionals

Check your specific immigration program's language requirements at https://mpb.rks-gov.net.

Test Registration and Scheduling:
Book your test at least 6 - 8 weeks in advance -popular sessions fill up quickly
Test results are typically valid for 2 years from the test date
Allow 3 - 14 days for official results after taking the test
Factor in the full testing timeline when planning your visa application schedule

Preparation Timeline:
3 months to test date: Intensive practice (2 - 3 hours daily)
6 weeks to test date: Full practice tests under exam conditions
2 weeks to test date: Final review, focus on weak areas
Test day: Rest, arrive early, bring required identification

Preparation Resources:
Official IELTS/TOEFL preparation materials and practice tests
British Council, IDP, and Cambridge IELTS preparation courses
Online platforms: Magoosh, Kaplan, Khan Academy (for TOEFL)
Language exchange apps for speaking practice (italki, Tandem)

Test Component Strategies:
Listening: Practice with varied accents (British, American, Australian)
Reading: Practice academic reading for speed and comprehension
Writing: Study Task 1 (charts/graphs) and Task 2 (essay) structures
Speaking: Record yourself, practice with native speakers

If Your Score is Below the Requirement:
Many test centers allow resitting within 2 - 4 weeks. Some institutions and employers allow you to submit an application conditionally while awaiting a resit result. Never submit a visa application without meeting the minimum language score -the application will be refused.

Certain applicants may be exempt from language testing requirements for the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa:

Common Exemption Criteria:
Citizens of countries where Albanian is the primary official language
Previous education completed entirely in English (with English-medium school certificate)
Holders of qualifications awarded by Kosovo educational institutions
Certain occupations designated as exempt by the Kosovo immigration authority
Applicants over a certain age (varies by program; some programs exempt applicants over 55 - 65)

How to Claim an Exemption:
If you believe you qualify for a language test exemption, do not simply omit the language evidence from your application. Instead:
1. Include a formal request for exemption in your cover letter
2. Provide supporting evidence (citizenship certificate, English-medium degree certificate, etc.)
3. Reference the specific exemption policy on https://mpb.rks-gov.net

Incorrectly claiming an exemption without evidence is treated as misrepresentation -provide documentation for every exemption claim.

Regional Testing Infrastructure: Test center density is high across Europe, and most major cities offer monthly IELTS/TOEFL sessions plus national-language tests (Goethe-Institut for German, DELF/DALF for French, DELE for Spanish) where the destination requires the local language rather than English. Booking 6-8 weeks ahead is usually sufficient here, well below the lead time needed in lower-density regions.

If your current language proficiency is below the required level for your Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa, a structured improvement plan can get you to the required score within 3 - 6 months for most learners starting from an intermediate level.

Assessing Your Starting Point
Take a free practice test before beginning your preparation. Most major test providers (IELTS, TOEFL, PTE) offer official practice materials and sample tests. This gives you an accurate baseline score and identifies which components (listening, reading, writing, speaking) need the most work.

Months 1 - 2: Foundation Building
Focus on your weakest component. Common improvement strategies:
Listening: Listen to podcasts, news broadcasts, and academic lectures daily. BBC Learning English, TED Talks, and official IELTS listening samples are excellent resources.
Reading: Read academic articles, quality newspaper opinion pieces, and IELTS/TOEFL reading practice passages. Focus on speed and comprehension simultaneously.
Writing: Study Task 1 (graph/chart description) and Task 2 (argumentative essay) structures intensively. Practice daily with timed exercises (Task 1: 20 minutes, Task 2: 40 minutes).
Speaking: Record yourself answering practice questions and listen critically. Practice with a language exchange partner, tutor, or language learning app.

Months 3 - 4: Intensive Practice
Take full-length practice tests under exam conditions at least twice per week. Review every incorrect answer to understand the underlying principle. Most test centers offer marked writing and speaking practice for a fee -this is highly valuable for identifying persistent errors.

Month 5: Pre-Test Preparation
Minimize new learning and focus on consolidating skills. Take 2 - 3 full practice tests to build exam stamina. Book your test and prepare all identification documents required for test day.

After the Test
Results are typically available 3 - 14 days after the test date. If you do not achieve the required score, most test providers allow resitting within 2 - 4 weeks. For IELTS, you can resit individual components (One Skill Retake) rather than the full test.

Choosing the right English language proficiency test is one of the most important decisions you will make when preparing your Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa application. The three most widely accepted tests are IELTS, TOEFL iBT, and PTE Academic, and each has distinct advantages depending on your strengths and the specific requirements of Kosovo immigration authorities.

Score Equivalency Table:
IELTS 5.0 = TOEFL iBT 35-45 = PTE Academic 36
IELTS 5.5 = TOEFL iBT 46-59 = PTE Academic 42
IELTS 6.0 = TOEFL iBT 60-78 = PTE Academic 50
IELTS 6.5 = TOEFL iBT 79-93 = PTE Academic 58
IELTS 7.0 = TOEFL iBT 94-101 = PTE Academic 65
IELTS 7.5 = TOEFL iBT 102-109 = PTE Academic 73
IELTS 8.0 = TOEFL iBT 110-114 = PTE Academic 79
IELTS 8.5+ = TOEFL iBT 115-120 = PTE Academic 83+

Which Test Does Kosovo Accept? Albanian / Serbian / English is the stated language requirement. For English-medium visa categories, Kosovo generally accepts IELTS as the primary test, with TOEFL iBT and PTE Academic accepted for most permanent residency and immigration pathways. Always confirm accepted tests at https://mpb.rks-gov.net before booking.

Which Test Is Easier? This depends on your personal strengths. IELTS uses a paper-based or computer-based format with a face-to-face speaking test, making it ideal for candidates who perform better in person. TOEFL iBT is entirely computer-based with a recorded speaking section, suiting candidates comfortable with technology. PTE Academic is fully computer-scored with results available in 1-2 days, making it the fastest option for applicants on tight timelines. PTE is often considered slightly easier for candidates who struggle with the subjective marking of IELTS writing and speaking components. The test fee varies: IELTS typically costs EUR equivalent of USD 250-260, TOEFL iBT around USD 200-230, and PTE Academic around USD 200-215. Factor in availability at test centers in your Europe region when deciding.

Not every applicant for the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa is required to sit a formal language proficiency test. Kosovo immigration authorities recognize several exemption categories that, if properly documented, allow you to bypass the language testing requirement entirely. Understanding whether you qualify for an exemption can save you significant time and money in your application preparation.

Native English Speakers from Recognized Countries:
Citizens of countries where English is the primary official language are typically exempt. This generally includes nationals of the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland. Some Kosovo programs also recognize citizens of certain Caribbean, African, and Pacific Island nations where English is the official government language. The specific list of exempt nationalities is published on https://mpb.rks-gov.net and is subject to periodic updates.

Applicants with English-Medium Qualifications:
If you completed a degree or diploma where the entire program was taught and assessed in English, you may qualify for an exemption. Requirements typically include:
The qualification must be from a recognized institution in an English-speaking country
The qualification must have been completed within the last 2-5 years (the recency requirement varies)
You must provide an official letter from the institution confirming the medium of instruction was English
Some Kosovo authorities require the institution to appear on a specific approved list

Age-Based Exemptions:
Certain Kosovo immigration programs exempt applicants above a specified age threshold, commonly 55 to 65 years, from language testing requirements. This applies most frequently to permanent residency family reunion streams.

Diplomat and Government-Sponsored Applicants:
Applicants traveling on diplomatic passports or under bilateral government agreements may be exempt from standard language requirements. These exemptions are handled on a case-by-case basis.

How to Claim Your Exemption: Do not simply omit the language evidence from your application package. Instead, include a formal exemption request in your cover letter, attach all supporting documentation (passport, degree certificates, institutional confirmation letters), and cite the specific exemption clause from the Kosovo immigration policy. Incorrectly claiming an exemption without adequate documentation is treated as a deficient application and will result in delays or refusal.

Achieving the language score required for your Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa demands a structured and disciplined preparation approach. Most test-takers who start from an intermediate English level (approximately IELTS 5.0-5.5) can realistically reach the typical requirement of IELTS 6.0-7.0 within 3 to 6 months of focused study. Below is a comprehensive preparation strategy designed to maximize your score.

Phase 1: Diagnostic Assessment (Week 1)
Before investing in preparation materials, take a free official practice test from your chosen provider (IELTS, TOEFL, or PTE). This establishes your baseline score and reveals which of the four components — listening, reading, writing, and speaking — requires the most improvement. Focus your preparation budget and time on your weakest areas first.

Phase 2: Foundation Building (Weeks 2-8)
Daily immersion (1-2 hours): Surround yourself with English through podcasts (BBC Learning English, 6 Minute English), news broadcasts (CNN, BBC World Service), and audiobooks. Passive listening builds comprehension and familiarizes you with varied accents relevant to Kosovo and the Europe region
Structured study (1-2 hours): Use official preparation books from Cambridge (IELTS), ETS (TOEFL), or Pearson (PTE). Complete one full section per study session and review all errors thoroughly
Writing practice: Write one Task 1 (150 words, 20 minutes) and one Task 2 (250 words, 40 minutes) essay every two days. Use model answers to self-assess structure, coherence, and vocabulary range
Speaking practice: Record yourself answering practice prompts for 2-3 minutes each. Review recordings critically for fluency, pronunciation, and grammatical range. Use platforms like italki or Cambly for live practice with native speakers

Phase 3: Intensive Test Practice (Weeks 9-16)
Complete 2-3 full-length practice tests per week under strict exam conditions (timed, no interruptions, no dictionary)
Analyze every incorrect answer to identify recurring patterns and knowledge gaps
Join a study group or online forum (IELTS Liz, Reddit r/IELTS, TOEFL Resources) for peer feedback and motivation
Consider a professional preparation course if your score has plateaued — many test centers in the Europe region offer 4-6 week intensive courses

Phase 4: Final Preparation (Weeks 17-20)
Reduce new learning and focus exclusively on consolidation and exam technique
Take 2-3 final practice tests to build confidence and exam stamina
Prepare all required identification documents for test day (valid passport, confirmation email)
Rest properly in the 48 hours before your test — fatigue significantly impacts speaking and writing performance

Recommended Resources:
Official IELTS practice materials from British Council and IDP
ETS Official Guide to TOEFL iBT (includes online practice tests)
PTE Academic Official Practice Platform (scored practice tests)
Magoosh, Kaplan, and E2Language for video-based instruction
Cambridge English Vocabulary in Use (Upper-Intermediate and Advanced)

Finding a convenient test center and booking your language proficiency test well in advance is critical to keeping your Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa application timeline on track. Test center availability varies significantly by region, and popular dates fill up weeks or even months in advance — particularly during peak application seasons between September and January.

How to Find Test Centers:
IELTS: Visit the official IELTS website (ielts.org) and use the "Find a Test Centre" tool. IELTS is jointly managed by the British Council, IDP Education, and Cambridge Assessment, so centers are available in over 140 countries. Enter your city or country to see available locations and upcoming test dates
TOEFL iBT: Use the ETS TOEFL registration portal (ets.org/toefl) to search for testing locations. TOEFL iBT is also available as a Home Edition for applicants in remote areas, allowing you to take the test from home with an online proctor
PTE Academic: Search for test centers on the Pearson PTE website (pearsonpte.com). PTE centers are growing rapidly in the Europe region and many offer flexible weekday and weekend sessions

Booking Timeline — Plan 2-3 Months Ahead:
Test sessions at popular centers fill up quickly, especially in major cities. Book your test at least 2 to 3 months before your planned visa application submission date. This allows time for:
Test day: The actual examination
Results processing: IELTS takes 3-13 days; TOEFL takes 4-8 days; PTE takes 1-2 business days
Score review or resit: If your score is below the Kosovo requirement, you will need time to rebook and retake the test. IELTS allows a resit after any number of days; TOEFL requires a 3-day gap; PTE allows rebooking after 5 days

Reschedule and Cancellation Policies:
IELTS: You can transfer your test date up to 5 weeks before the test with a transfer fee (approximately USD 50-80). Cancellations within 5 weeks forfeit the test fee
TOEFL iBT: Rescheduling is allowed up to 4 days before the test for a fee of approximately USD 60. Late changes are not permitted
PTE Academic: Rescheduling is free if done 14+ days before the test. Changes within 14 days incur a fee, and changes within 48 hours are not permitted

Test Day Checklist:
Bring your valid passport (the same one used during registration — name must match exactly)
Arrive at least 30 minutes before your scheduled test time
Do not bring phones, watches, or electronic devices into the test room
Wear comfortable clothing and bring a clear water bottle if permitted
Know your test center location in advance — visit the day before if possible to confirm travel time

In certain circumstances, applicants for the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa may be eligible to request a formal waiver of the language proficiency requirement or to appeal a decision where their language score was deemed insufficient. While these pathways exist, they are neither guaranteed nor routine — you must present a compelling case supported by strong evidence.

When to Request a Language Waiver:
A language waiver is a formal request to the Kosovo immigration authority to exempt you from the standard language testing requirement. Waivers are typically considered in the following situations:
Medical grounds: Applicants with documented physical or cognitive conditions that prevent them from taking a standardized test (e.g., severe hearing impairment, neurological conditions). You must provide medical reports from a qualified specialist
Extensive professional experience in English: If you have worked in a senior English-speaking role for 5+ years in an international organization, some Kosovo programs may accept employer letters and work samples as alternative evidence of language proficiency
Advanced age combined with family reunion: Some immigration streams consider waiver requests from elderly applicants (typically 60+) sponsored by family members already residing in Kosovo
Humanitarian or refugee pathways: Certain protection-based visa categories in Kosovo have reduced or waived language requirements

How to Submit a Waiver Request:
Include a detailed cover letter explaining why you are requesting the waiver, the specific grounds under which you qualify, and all supporting documentation. Address the letter to the visa processing office handling your application. Reference the relevant policy section from https://mpb.rks-gov.net if available. Do not assume the waiver will be granted — prepare a backup plan that includes taking a language test.

Appeal Process for Borderline Scores:
If your language test score is slightly below the Kosovo requirement (within 0.5 band of IELTS or equivalent margin), you may have appeal options:
IELTS Enquiry on Results (EOR): Request a re-mark of one or more test components within 6 weeks of receiving your results. The fee (approximately USD 80-100) is refunded if your score changes. Writing and speaking components are most commonly re-marked successfully
TOEFL Score Review: Request a rescore of speaking and/or writing sections within 30 days of your test date for approximately USD 80 per section
PTE Academic: PTE does not offer a rescore service because scoring is entirely computer-based, but you can request a detailed score report to identify areas for improvement before retaking the test

Conditional Acceptance:
Some Kosovo visa programs allow applicants to submit additional language evidence after the initial application, provided the score deficit is minor and all other eligibility criteria are met. Check whether your specific visa category permits conditional language evidence by consulting https://mpb.rks-gov.net or contacting the relevant embassy.

If you are applying for the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa and plan to bring your spouse, children, or other dependents, it is essential to understand the separate language requirements that may apply to each family member. Language testing obligations for dependents vary significantly depending on the visa category, the age of the dependent, and the specific Kosovo immigration program you are applying under.

Spouse and Partner Language Requirements:
For permanent residency and immigration pathways to Kosovo, the primary applicant's spouse or de facto partner is often required to demonstrate a minimum level of English proficiency. The typical requirement is lower than the main applicant's threshold — commonly IELTS 4.5 overall or equivalent (TOEFL iBT 32, PTE Academic 30). Some programs allow the main applicant to pay a second installment fee or language tuition deposit in lieu of the partner meeting the language requirement at the time of application.

Dependent Children:
Children under 18 years of age are generally exempt from all language testing requirements for Kosovo visa applications across all categories
Children aged 16-17 may be required to demonstrate language proficiency if they are applying for a study visa in their own right (rather than as a dependent)
For immigration and PR applications, children included as dependents do not typically need separate language evidence, but check https://mpb.rks-gov.net for age-specific requirements

Elderly Parents and Extended Family:
If your application includes elderly parents (typically aged 60 or above), many Kosovo immigration programs provide a language test exemption for this age group. The exemption recognizes that elderly dependents may face genuine difficulty sitting a standardized test. Supporting documentation, such as a birth certificate or passport confirming age, must be included.

Key Points for Family Applications:
Each family member's language requirement is assessed separately — do not assume that the primary applicant's score covers the entire family
Budget for multiple test fees if more than one family member requires testing. At approximately USD 200-260 per test, this can add significant cost to a family application
Time your tests strategically — all family members' test results must be valid (within 2 years of the test date) at the time the visa application is submitted to Kosovo
Request exemptions proactively for any family member who qualifies, and include full supporting documentation as described in the exemptions section above
Consult the specific family stream requirements published at https://mpb.rks-gov.net to confirm which dependents require testing for your chosen Kosovo visa category

While you are researching the Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa, it helps to see every available visa option side by side — so you can confirm you are in the right category, or explore alternatives if your situation changes.

Study Visa — EUR 50 government fee | 2-6 weeks processing | Difficulty: Easy
Enroll in an accredited Kosovo institution. Study visa holders often gain limited part-time work rights and can transition to work or residency pathways after graduating. Kosovo is known for Young vibrant capital, making this one of the most-applied-for categories.

Work Visa — EUR 80 government fee | 3-8 weeks processing | Difficulty: Easy
Requires a confirmed job offer from a Kosovo employer who meets sponsorship and labour market compliance requirements. This is the main pathway for skilled professionals who want to build a career and eventually apply for permanent residency in Kosovo.

Business Visa — EUR 50 government fee | 2-4 weeks processing | Difficulty: Easy
For meetings, conferences, trade events, and commercial negotiations in Kosovo. Does not permit paid employment or ongoing business operations. Requires a verifiable host company or business contact in Kosovo.

Tourist / Visit Visa — EUR 30 government fee | 1-2 weeks processing | Difficulty: Easy
The most widely applied-for category: covers tourism, family visits, and short-term travel. You must demonstrate genuine intent to return home and sufficient funds for your stay without working in Kosovo.

Immigration / Permanent Residency — EUR 150 government fee | 3-12 months processing | Difficulty: Easy
The most document-intensive category, for those intending permanent settlement in Kosovo. Eligibility covers skills, language, health, and character across all major pathways. Success grants long-term rights and, typically, a route to Kosovo citizenship.

Kosovo is part of Europe, which means applicants from most EU/EEA countries enjoy freedom of movement. Non-EU nationals must navigate the standard visa and permit system. If Kosovo is a Schengen member, short-stay tourist and business visas cover the entire Schengen Area (90 days in any 180-day period), not just Kosovo.

Applying under the wrong category results in automatic refusal and loss of your non-refundable application fee. When in doubt, verify your category against the official definitions at https://mpb.rks-gov.net before paying.

Before you fill in a single form, it helps to understand why Kosovo attracts as many visa applications as it does — and whether your own reasons align with what immigration officers will assess as a credible, genuine purpose.

What Kosovo is genuinely known for:
Young vibrant capital — one of the primary draws for international applicants considering Kosovo
Affordable living — one of the primary draws for international applicants considering Kosovo
Growing tech sector — one of the primary draws for international applicants considering Kosovo
EU candidate country — one of the primary draws for international applicants considering Kosovo

Key facts about how Kosovo's immigration system actually works:
Visa-free for many EU passport holders
Temporary residence for workers
Student visa for programs
EU candidate status

The Kosovo advantage for your visa category:
Immigration officers in Kosovo assess whether your stated purpose is believable and consistent with your personal profile. Applicants who understand exactly why they chose Kosovo — not just "it's a great country" but the specific appeal of Young vibrant capital and Affordable living — write stronger purpose statements and perform better in interviews. Your genuine motivation and the country's real offerings should align clearly in your application.

Capital and cost context:
Kosovo's capital is Pristina, where the majority of embassies, immigration offices, and major institutions are based. The official currency is EUR. If you are calculating the real cost of your visa application plus your initial settlement funds, use the EUR figures in this guide and convert to your home currency close to your application date — exchange rates move significantly over the months a visa takes to process.

These are the most common reasons Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa applications fail — most of them are entirely avoidable with proper preparation.

1. Picking the wrong visa category from the start
Kosovo offers distinct visa types, each with different rights and restrictions. A Immigration/PR Visa submitted under the wrong category is refused outright — even with perfect documents. If you are unsure whether the Immigration/PR Visa covers your exact plans, check https://mpb.rks-gov.net before paying the government fee.

2. Inconsistent personal details across your documents
Your name, date of birth, passport number, and address must appear identically on every document — application form, bank statements, employer letters, and supporting evidence. Even a hyphen in a surname appearing in one document but not another has caused refusals. Review everything side-by-side before submitting.

3. Submitting internet-printed bank statements
Many Kosovo embassies specifically require bank statements stamped and signed by a bank officer — not online-portal printouts. Visit your bank branch at least three weeks before submission to request certified statements on official letterhead.

4. Starting too late for the 3-12 months processing clock
The EUR 150 Immigration/PR Visa fee starts the 3-12 months processing clock — but that clock doesn't start until you have police clearances (2–8 weeks), a medical exam result (1–2 weeks), and language test scores (3–4 weeks) ready. Most applicants who miss their start dates did so because they underestimated document lead times, not application processing itself.

5. A purpose statement that could apply to anyone
"I want to experience Kosovo" is what thousands of people write. Officers are looking for specificity: which region of Kosovo, why this particular time, what specifically draws you to Young vibrant capital. The more concrete and fact-grounded your stated purpose, the more credible your application.

6. Bank balance that exactly meets the minimum — and nothing more
A balance that lands precisely at the threshold raises a red flag — it looks managed specifically for the application. Immigration officers want to see funds that have been consistently maintained over months, not deposited right before the submission date. Visa-free for many EU passport holders — applicants who understand the country's context present stronger financial narratives.

7. Not disclosing previous refusals or visa violations
Kosovo visa forms ask directly about previous refusals and violations to any country. Omitting this is treated as misrepresentation — which carries a longer ban than the original refusal would have. Always disclose, and address the prior refusal with stronger evidence that the circumstances have changed.

8. Booking non-refundable flights and accommodation before approval
Wait for the visa stamp in your passport before committing to non-refundable tickets, course deposits, or advance accommodation. Processing delays, requests for additional documents, or a refusal could cost you significantly if you have pre-booked. Travel insurance does not typically cover visa refusal losses on non-refundable bookings.

9. Using an unofficial translator for documents
Certified translation in Kosovo typically means a sworn or accredited translator — not a bilingual friend or a generic translation app. Check the specific translation accreditation accepted by the Kosovo embassy in your country before commissioning translation work.

10. Ignoring your home embassy's specific requirements
The Kosovo government publishes general requirements at https://mpb.rks-gov.net. But individual embassies often add country-specific requirements for their particular applicant base. Always confirm with the specific Kosovo embassy or consulate in your country — not just the central portal.

This guide covers Kosovo Immigration/PR Visa requirements as of 2026, based on publicly available official government sources. It is written for general information only.

Visa rules change — sometimes quickly. Kosovo's immigration regulations, fee schedules, processing times, and eligibility criteria can be updated by the government at any time. Major policy changes have happened with as little as 24–48 hours' public notice following budget announcements, bilateral agreements, or policy reviews.

The only authoritative sources are:
Official Kosovo immigration portal: https://mpb.rks-gov.net
Kosovo embassy or consulate in your country: https://www.mfa-ks.net
A licensed immigration lawyer or OISC/MARA-equivalent registered adviser

This guide is not legal or immigration advice. Every application is individually assessed by a Kosovo immigration officer based on the specific documents and personal circumstances in that application. No one can guarantee approval — not this guide, not an immigration consultant, and not any visa agency. If someone promises you a Kosovo visa will be approved, that is not a credible claim.

Currency reminder: Government fees in this guide are in EUR. Your bank or card provider's exchange rate applies at the time of payment — calculate your home-currency cost as close to your submission date as possible, not months in advance.